Comprehensive exams for Mental Health Q 103

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Which of the following will the nurse use when communicating with a client who has a cognitive impairment?

  

     A. Complete explanations with multiple details

     B. Picture or gestures instead of words

     C. Stimulating words and phrases to capture the client’s attention

     D. Short words and simple sentences

    

    

Correct Answer: D. Short words and simple sentences

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Short words and simple sentences minimize client confusion and enhance communication. Frequently orient the client to reality and surroundings. Allow the client to have familiar objects around him or her; use other items, such as a clock, a calendar, and daily schedules, to assist in maintaining reality orientation.

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Option A: Use simple explanations and face-to-face interaction when communicating with the client. Do not shout messages into the client’s ear. Speaking slowly and in a face-to-face position is most effective when communicating with an elderly individual experiencing a hearing loss.

Option B: Although pictures and gestures may be helpful, they would not substitute for verbal communication. Teach prospective caregivers how to orient the client to time, person, place, and circumstances, as required. These caregivers will be responsible for client safety after discharge from the hospital.

Option C: Complete explanations with multiple details and stimulating words and phrases would increase confusion in a client with short attention span and difficulty with comprehension. Give positive feedback when thinking and behavior are appropriate, or when the client verbalizes that certain ideas expressed are not based in reality. Positive feedback increases self-esteem and enhances the desire to repeat appropriate behavior.

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