Pediatric Nursing Q 184
A 4 month-year-old infant has just received diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DtaP). Hours later, the mother reports to the clinic because her child develops redness and swelling at the injection site. The nurse instructs the mother to do which of the following?
A. Application of cold compress
B. Application of hot compress
C. Monitor for signs of fever
D. Report to the clinic for a repeat injection on the other site
Correct Answer: A. Application of cold compress
Redness, tenderness, or swelling may happen at the site of injection. This will be relieved through cool application for the first 24 hours, followed by warm compress if inflammation persists.
Option B: The child may have a fever, soreness, and some swelling and redness in the area where the shot was given. For pain and fever, check with a doctor to see if either acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be given, and to find out the right dose. A warm, damp cloth or a heating pad on the injection site may help reduce soreness, as can moving or using the arm.
Option C: The vaccine can cause mild side effects: fever; mild crankiness; tiredness; loss of appetite; and tenderness, redness, or swelling in the area where the shot was given. Rarely, a child may have a seizure, a high fever, or uncontrollable crying after getting the vaccine. But these sorts of side effects are so rare that researchers question whether they’re even caused by the vaccine. Most kids have a few minor or no side effects.
Option D: Call a physician if not sure whether the vaccine should be postponed or avoided. Children who have had certain problems with the DTaP vaccine usually can safely receive the Td (tetanus and diphtheria) vaccine.