Endocrine Drugs and Medications Q 25
Estrogen is given in the management of all of the following conditions except:
A. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
B. Primary hypogonadism
C. Suppression of ovulation
D. Endometrial carcinoma
Correct Answer: D. Endometrial carcinoma
Estrogen is given in the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, primary hypogonadism, and suppression of ovulation. The primary use of estrogen therapy lies in its treatment of menopausal symptoms. Although there is a reduction in the use of estrogen therapy as a preventative treatment, it is still routinely used to treat menopausal symptoms locally. Typically, drugs administered vaginally are used mainly for their local effects, but they can also have systemic effects. Choices A, B, and C are all indicators for estrogen treatment.
Option A: Localized estrogen treatment often relieves these symptoms and significantly increases the quality of life, which includes life-changing improvements in sexuality, the incidence of urinary tract infections, and incontinence. The method of estrogen delivery is vital in assessing its benefits and uses. For example, the use of estrogen transdermally, in stark contrast to orally, has been linked to a lower risk of deep vein thrombosis, cholecystitis, osteoporosis, and stroke.
Option B: Estrogen is a steroid hormone that plays a central role in the reproductive system by altering the transcription of genes in specific organs and tissues, primarily the uterus and vagina. The genes undergo alteration through the act of estrogen on certain receptors, known as nuclear transcription factors. These nuclear transcription factors, once bound by estrogen, are then able to bind to promoter regions in sequences of specific genes and are therefore able to regulate these genes
Option C: Estrogen therapy (ET), a form of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), is a useful way of combating the uncomfortable symptoms that often accompany menopause. Roughly 1.5 million women between the ages of 45 and 55 experience menopausal symptoms, which often involve hot flashes, flushing, and night sweats, also known as vasomotor symptoms.