Fundamentals of Nursing Q 409
Which statement provides evidence that an older adult who is prone to constipation is in need of further teaching?
A. "I need to drink one and a half to 2 quarts of liquid each day."
B. "I need to take a laxative such as milk of magnesia or if I don't have a BM every day."
C. "If my bowel pattern changes on its own, I should call you."
D. "Eating my meals at regular times is likely to result in regular bowel movements."
Correct Answer: B. “I need to take a laxative such as milk of magnesium or if I don’t have a BM every day”
Stimulant laxatives can be very irritating and are not the preferred treatment for occasional constipation in older adults. In addition, a normal stool pattern for an older adult may not be daily elimination. The cause of constipation is multifactorial. The problem may arise in the colon or rectum or it may be due to an external cause. In most people, slow colonic motility that occurs after years of laxative abuse is the problem. In a few patients, the cause may be related to an outlet obstruction like rectal prolapse or a rectocele. External causes of constipation may include poor dietary habits, lack of fluid intake, overuse of certain medications, an endocrine problem like hypothyroidism or some type of an emotional issue.
Option A: The standard of practice in assisting the older adults to maintain normal function of the gastrointestinal tract is regular ingestion of a well-balanced diet, adequate fluid intake, and regular exercise.
Option C: If the bowel pattern is not regular with these activities, this abnormality should be reported. Pathophysiology underlying functional constipation is multifactorial and not well understood. Factors that may contribute to functional constipation include pain, fever, dehydration, dietary and fluid intake, psychological issues, toilet training, medicines, and family history of constipation.
Option D: A normal fiber intake, fluid intake, and physical activity level are recommended, and the routine use of prebiotics or probiotics is not recommended in the treatment of childhood constipation.