Fundamentals of Nursing Q 487

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The nursing theorist who developed transcultural nursing theory is

  

     A. Dorothea Orem

     B. Madeleine Leininger

     C. Betty Newman

     D. Sr. Callista Roy

    

    

Correct Answer: B. Madeleine Leininger

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Madeleine Leininger developed the theory on transcultural theory based on her observations on the behavior of selected people within a culture. In the Transcultural Nursing theory, nurses have a responsibility to understand the role of culture in the health of the patient. Not only can a cultural background influence a patient’s health, but the patient may be taking home remedies that can affect his or her health, as well.

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Option A: Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory focuses on each “individual’s ability to perform self-care, defined as ‘the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf in maintaining life, health, and well-being.’” Her theory defined Nursing as “The act of assisting others in the provision and management of self-care to maintain or improve human functioning at the home level of effectiveness.”

Option C: In Betty Neuman’s nursing theory, patients are cared for from a holistic perspective in order to ensure they are cared for as people and not simply ailments. The Neuman Systems Model is based on the patient’s relationship to stress, reaction to it, and reconstitution factors that are dynamic. The Neuman Systems Model is universal in nature, which allows it to be adapted to a variety of situations, and to be interpreted in many different ways.

Option D: Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing was developed by Sister Callista Roy in 1976. The prominent nursing theory aims to explain or define the provision of nursing. In her theory, Roy’s model sees the individual as a set of interrelated systems that maintain a balance between these various stimuli.

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