Fundamentals of Nursing Q 548
When transferring a patient from a bed to a chair, the nurse should use which muscles to avoid back injury?
A. Abdominal muscles
B. Back muscles
C. Leg muscles
D. Upper arm muscles
Correct Answer: C. Leg muscles
The leg muscles are the strongest muscles in the body and should bear the greatest stress when lifting. Muscles of the abdomen, back, and upper arms may be easily injured. Place the patient’s outside leg (the one farthest from the wheelchair) between the knees for support. Bend the knees and keep the back straight. Patient safety is often the main concern when moving patients from bed. But remember not to lift at the expense of your own back. This transfer often requires the patient’s help, so clear communication is essential. If the patient can’t help much, you’ll need two people or a full body sling lift.
Option A: Allow the patient to help as much as possible. Estimate the patient’s weight and mentally practice. Make sure that the floor is free of any obstacles or liquids. Keep the feet shoulder width apart. Keep the person (or object) as close to your body as possible. Tighten your stomach muscles. Bend knees and hips, and keep your back straight throughout the movement. Lift with your legs, NOT your back.
Option B: Keep the back straight throughout the transfer to avoid bending or straining the back. Get as close to the person as possible while still allowing him/her to lean forward as needed to assist with the transfer. Do not twist your back as you lift. To turn when lifting, pivot your feet. If you have doubts, ASK FOR HELP!
Option D: To get the patient into a seated position, roll the patient onto the same side as the chair. Put one of the arms under the patient’s shoulders and one behind the knees. Bend the knees. Swing the patient’s feet off the edge of the bed and use the momentum to help the patient into a sitting position. Move the patient to the edge of the bed and lower the bed so the patient’s feet are touching the ground.