Fundamentals of Nursing Q 80
The nurse places an aquathermia pad on a client with a muscle sprain. The nurse informs the client the pad should be removed in 30 minutes. Why will the nurse return in 30 minutes to remove the pad?
A. Reflex vasoconstriction occurs.
B. Reflex vasodilation occurs.
C. Systemic response occurs.
D. Local response occurs.
Correct Answer: A. Reflex vasoconstriction occurs.
If heat is applied for 1 hour or more, blood flow is reduced by reflex vasoconstriction. Vasoconstriction is the opposite of the desired effect of heat application. An aquathermia (Aqua-K) pad, which produces dry heat, is used to treat muscle sprains and mild inflammations and for pain relief. Temperature-controlled, distilled water flows through the waterproof pad.
Option B: Aquathermia pad is used as a heating pad for various parts of the body. This heating pad is used on the upper side of the body because it cannot be placed on the underside of the body part. There is a specific time period, beyond which blood vessels will start shrinking leading to increased blood pressure.
Option C: Hot aquathermia pad is applied for 20 to 40 minutes and then it should be removed to avoid vasoconstriction. The human body cannot tolerate this heating aquathermia pad for more than 40 minutes, if it exceeds 40 minutes, the patient will start feeling a burning sensation and the blood vessels will constrict leading to further complications.
Option D: Increased temperature of aquathermia pad may burn the skin and the blood vessels may constrict. Due to vasoconstriction, blood pressure may rise. So there is a specific temperature that should be maintained. The ideal temperature set for adults is 45°C. A thin cloth or pillowcase should be placed between a hot aquathermia pad and skin, as it prevents direct heat action on the skin. 20 to 40 minutes is the ideal time for the application of these pads and they should not be placed for more than 40 minutes.