Gastrointestinal Drugs and Medications Q 20

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Which of the following is a bulk-forming agent?

  

     A. Glycerin

     B. FiberCon

     C. Lactulose

     D. Milk of Magnesia

    

    

Correct Answer: B. FiberCon

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FiberCon is the bulk-forming agent. Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation. It is known as a bulk-forming laxative. It increases the bulk in the stool, an effect that helps to cause movement of the intestines. It also works by increasing the amount of water in the stool, making the stool softer and easier to pass. Choices A and B are incorrect because they are hyperosmotic agents.

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Option A: This medication is used as a moisturizer to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, itchy skin and minor skin irritations (e.g., diaper rash, skin burns from radiation therapy). Emollients are substances that soften and moisturize the skin and decrease itching and flaking.

Option C: Lactulose is used in preventing and treating clinical portal-systemic encephalopathy; first used in clinical practice in 1966. Its chief mechanism of action is by decreasing the intestinal production and absorption of ammonia. Lactulose, also known as 1,4 beta galactoside-fructose, is a non-absorbable synthetic disaccharide made up of galactose and fructose. The human small intestinal mucosa does not have the enzymes to split lactulose, and hence lactulose reaches the large bowel unchanged. Lactulose is metabolized in the colon by colonic bacteria to monosaccharides, and then to volatile fatty acids, hydrogen, and methane.

Option D: Milk of Magnesia is a saline laxative. This medication is used for a short time to treat occasional constipation. It is a laxative (osmotic-type) that is thought to work by drawing water into the intestines, an effect that helps to cause movement of the intestines. This medication is also used to treat symptoms caused by too much stomach acid such as heartburn, upset stomach, or indigestion. It is an antacid that works by lowering the amount of acid in the stomach.

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