Comprehensive Nursing Pharmacology Q 161
In a transplant client, the action of cyclosporine is to:
A. Defend the body against foreign antigens.
B. Inhibit T cells in response to antigens.
C. Inhibit B cell immunoglobulin.
D. Intensify the production of T lymphocytes.
Correct Answer: B. Inhibit T cells in response to antigens.
The primary action of cyclosporine is to inhibit T-cell generation in response to transplant antigens. In solid organ transplantation, it has clinical use for the treatment of organ rejection in kidney, liver, and heart allogeneic transplants.
Option A: The mechanism of action of cyclosporine is as a calcineurin inhibitor, a cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor, and a P-glycoprotein inhibitor. Cyclosporin A (CsA) inhibits the synthesis of interleukins (IL), including IL-2, which is essential for the self-activation of T lymphocytes (LT) and their differentiation.
Option C: Cyclosporine works to suppress cell-mediated immune reactions. Research has detected no effects on phagocytic function in animals, and it does not cause bone marrow suppression in animal or human models.
Option D: Cyclosporine is effective due to specific and reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0 and G1-phase of the cell cycle. The T-helper cell is the primary target, although it may also suppress T-suppressor cells. The LT-B-lymphocyte (LB) cooperation is essential for activation of LB; the latter also gets inhibited. Research has demonstrated that CsA had an inhibiting effect on CD4+ CD25+ Tregs, which might block the host immune tolerance potentiality.