Comprehensive Nursing Pharmacology Q 41
When deciding on what time of day to give medications, the nurse pays the closest attention to the client’s habits regarding:
A. Eating
B. Sleeping
C. Elimination
D. Activity
Correct Answer: A. Eating
Eating is the most important of these because food in the stomach must be a consideration. When a medicine is prescribed on an empty stomach, it is done to ensure the most effective absorption. The changes in the gut with food restrict and therefore affect the effectiveness of these particular medicines. In some cases, elements of food like iron or calcium might bind to chemical structures in medicine.
Option B: Acute exposure to drugs of abuse disrupts sleep by affecting sleep latency, duration, and quality [1]. With chronic administration, sleep disruption becomes more severe, and during abstinence, insomnia with a negative effect prevails, which drives drug craving and contributes to impulsivity and relapse.
Option C: All drugs are eventually eliminated from the body. They may be eliminated after being chemically altered (metabolized), or they may be eliminated intact. Most drugs, particularly water-soluble drugs and their metabolites, are eliminated largely by the kidneys in urine. Therefore, drug dosing depends largely on kidney function. Some drugs are eliminated by excretion in the bile (a greenish-yellow fluid secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder)
Option D: One important area that has been understudied to date is the relationship between medication use and both the rehabilitation process and habitual physical activity in people. Most people have more than one disease (referred to as multimorbidity) and hence take multiple medications. Just as some diseases may interfere with the ability to undertake physical activity (eg, arthritis, heart failure, or lung disease), it is plausible that some medications may either enhance or interfere with the ability to undertake physical activity or rehabilitation.