Comprehensive Nursing Pharmacology Q 49
An adult is hospitalized for treatment of deep electrical burns. Burn wound sepsis develops and mafenide acetate 10% (Sulfamylon) is ordered BID. While applying the Sulfamylon to the wound, it is important for the nurse to prepare the client for expected responses to the topical application, which include:
A. Severe burning pain for a few minutes following application.
B. Possible severe metabolic alkalosis with continued use.
C. Black discoloration of everything that comes in contact with this drug.
D. Chilling due to evaporation of solution from the moistened dressings.
Correct Answer: A. Severe burning pain for a few minutes following application.
Mafenide acetate 10% (Sulfamylon) does cause burning on application. An analgesic may be required before the ointment is applied. Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate) is a topical (for the skin) antibiotic used to prevent infection in severe burn wounds. Common side effects of Sulfamylon include skin rash, redness, or itching, or pain, burning, or redness of the treated skin areas.
Option B: Mafenide acetate 10% (Sulfamylon) is a strong carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that affects the renal tubular buffering system, resulting in metabolic acidosis.
Option C: Mafenide acetate 10% (Sulfamylon) does not cause discoloration. Silver nitrate solution, another topical antibiotic used to treat burn sepsis, has the disadvantage of turning everything it touches black.
Option D: Mafenide acetate 10% (Sulfamylon) is an ointment that is applied directly to the wound. It has the ability to diffuse rapidly through the eschar. The wound may be left open or dry dressing may be applied. Silver nitrate solution is applied by soaking the wound dressings and keeping them constantly wet, which may cause chilling and hypotension.