Nursing Prioritization Delegation Assignment Q 5

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Nurse Vivian is reviewing immunizations with the caregiver of a 72-year-old client with a history of cerebrovascular disease. The caregiver learns which immunization is a priority for the client?

  

     A. Hepatitis A vaccine

     B. Lyme's disease vaccine

     C. Hepatitis B vaccine

     D. Pneumococcal vaccine

    

    

Correct Answer: D. Pneumococcal vaccine

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Pneumococcal vaccine is a priority immunization amongst the elderly, especially those with chronic illnesses. It is administered every five (5) years. A pneumococcal vaccine, PPSV23, is indicated in the United States for all adults 65 years of age and older, as well as younger patients with conditions that increase the risk for developing pneumococcal pneumonia or invasive pneumococcal disease.

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Option A: Hepatitis A vaccine is given to at-risk individuals to prevent infection from the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)’s recommendations are to provide routine immunization for children aged 12 to 13 months for persons at high risk of having hepatitis A infection and or persons who wish to have immunity.

Option B: Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochetal agent Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common vector-borne illness in the United States. In 1998, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a recombinant Lyme disease vaccine that was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the manufacturer.

Option C: Hepatitis B vaccination is indicated to prevent active infection with the hepatitis B virus, which can lead to chronic liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition to all infants and any yet unvaccinated children, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends primarily vaccinating any adults who may have a higher risk for contracting or complication from hepatitis B.

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