Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Q 7
The client is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive crises. Diazoxide (Hyperstat) is ordered. During administration, the nurse should:
A. Utilize an infusion pump
B. Check the blood glucose level
C. Place the client in Trendelenburg position
D. Cover the solution with foil
Correct Answer: B. Check the blood glucose level
Hyperstat is given as an IV push for hypertensive crises, but it often causes hyperglycemia. The glucose level will drop rapidly when stopped. This medication is used to treat very low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Certain conditions (such as tumor on the pancreas, cancer, leucine sensitivity) can cause the release of too much insulin. Insulin is a natural substance that lowers blood sugar. This drug works by preventing insulin release from the pancreas, helping to return the blood sugar to normal levels. Diazoxide is a thiazide drug, but has no diuretic (“water pill”) effects like other thiazides.
Option A: Diazoxide (Hyperstat) is given by IV push. Diazoxide is a potassium channel activator. Its mechanism of action revolves around enhancing cell membrane permeability to potassium ions. This action consequently elicits the relaxation of local smooth muscles. This switches off voltage-gated calcium ion channels which inhibits the generation of an action potential.
Option C: The client should be placed in dorsal recumbent position, not a Trendelenburg position. Diazoxide is used to treat low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) caused by certain cancers or other conditions that can make the pancreas release too much insulin. This medicine is for use in adults and children as young as infants.
Option D: This medication does not have to be covered with foil. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Diazoxide is only part of a treatment program that may also include diet. Follow the doctor’s instructions very closely.