Physiological Adaptation Q 100
Nurse Perry is evaluating the renal function of a male client. After documenting urine volume and characteristics, Nurse Perry assesses which signs as the best indicator of renal function.
A. Blood pressure
B. Consciousness
C. Distension of the bladder
D. Pulse rate
Correct Answer: A. Blood pressure
Perfusion can be best estimated by blood pressure, which is an indirect reflection of the adequacy of cardiac output. Over time, uncontrolled high blood pressure can cause arteries around the kidneys to narrow, weaken or harden. These damaged arteries are not able to deliver enough blood to the kidney tissue. Damaged kidney arteries do not filter blood well. Kidneys have small, finger-like nephrons that filter the blood.
Option B: Consciousness is not an indicator of renal function. Administration of medications that can alter consciousness may have an effect on renal function, according to studies conducted by The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. During consciousness, maximal renal vasodilation by papaverine or acetylcholine did not increase UNaV or fractional Na excretion.
Option C: Checking the distention of the bladder is not an accurate indicator of renal function. It mostly indicates an obstruction or a loss of tone in the bladder muscles that fail to detect increased pressure exerted by urine. It is usually associated with pain and urge to urinate. Bladder catheterization should be performed.
Option D: Individuals with a high resting heart rate and a low beat-to-beat heart rate variability have an increased risk of developing kidney disease, according to a new study by the American Society of Nephrology. However, it is not the most accurate indicator of renal function.