Physiological Adaptation Q 172

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In which of the following disorders would the nurse expect to assess sacral edema in bedridden client?

  

     A. DM

     B. Pulmonary emboli

     C. Renal failure

     D. Right-sided heart failure

    

    

Correct Answer: D. Right-sided heart failure

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The most accurate area of the body to assess dependent edema in a bedridden client is the sacral area. Sacral, or dependent, edema is secondary to right-sided heart failure.

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Option A: Diabetes mellitus is not directly related to sacral edema. Insulin edema is uncommon, and the extent of edema may vary from limited ankle swelling to severe.

Option B: Pulmonary emboli does not cause sacral edema. Sacral edema accumulates in the lower back (called sacral edema) after being in bed for several hours. Pushing on the swollen area for a few seconds will leave a temporary dimple or dent in the skin.

Option C: Renal disease isn’t directly linked to sacral edema. When edema is massive and generalized, it is called anasarca. It is caused by a variety of clinical conditions like heart failure, renal failure, liver failure, or problems with the lymphatic system.

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