Physiological Adaptation Q 186

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A 77-year-old male client is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration and change in mental status. He’s being hydrated with I.V. fluids. When the nurse takes his vital signs, she notes he has a fever of 103°F (39.4°C) a cough producing yellow sputum and pleuritic chest pain. The nurse suspects this client may have which of the following conditions?

  

     A. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

     B. Myocardial infarction (MI)

     C. Pneumonia

     D. Tuberculosis

    

    

Correct Answer: C. Pneumonia

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Fever, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain are common signs and symptoms of pneumonia.

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Option A: The client with ARDS has dyspnea and hypoxia with worsening hypoxia over time, if not treated aggressively.

Option B: Pleuritic chest pain varies with respiration, unlike the constant chest pain during an MI; so this client most likely isn’t having an MI.

Option D: The client with TB typically has a cough producing blood-tinged sputum. A sputum culture should be obtained to confirm the nurse’s suspicions.

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