Physiological Adaptation Q 80

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A firefighter who was involved in extinguishing a house fire is being treated for smoke inhalation. He developed severe hypoxia 48 hours after the incident, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Which of the following conditions has he most likely developed?

  

     A. Atelectasis

     B. Pneumonia

     C. Bronchitis

     D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

    

    

Correct Answer: D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

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Severe hypoxia after smoke inhalation typically is related to ARDS. The other choices aren’t typically associated with smoke inhalation.

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Option A: Atelectasis is a complete or partial collapse of the entire lung or area (lobe) of the lung. It occurs when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated or possibly filled with alveolar fluid. Atelectasis is one of the most common breathing (respiratory) complications after surgery.

Option B: Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs.

Option C: Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of your bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from your lungs.

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