Safety and Infection Control Q 13
A second-year nursing student has just suffered a needlestick while working with a patient that is positive for AIDS. Which of the following is the most significant action that the nursing student should take?
A. Immediately see a social worker
B. Start prophylactic AZT treatment
C. Start prophylactic Pentamidine treatment
D. Seek counseling
Correct Answer: B. Start prophylactic AZT treatment
Azidothymidine (AZT) treatment is the most critical intervention. It is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS by reducing the replication of the virus. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV is a treatment to suppress the virus and prevent infection after exposure. PEP should be taken within 72 hours of possible exposure to HIV, so it is important to seek treatment quickly.
Option A: Before reporting to a social worker, it is imperative to start a prophylaxis to reduce viral replication.
Option C: Pentamidine is an antimicrobial medication given to prevent and treat pneumocystis pneumonia.
Option D: It is natural to have strong emotions after an exposure to HIV in the workplace. The healthcare worker might feel anger, fear, blame, or depression. During the difficult time of prevention treatment and waiting, they may want to seek support. Try an employee-assistance program or local mental health expert.